In a recent study published in Nature, an international team of researchers reports, for the first time, lattice-defined 2D vdW heterostructures for organic 2D crystals at near-zero twist. On-water surface synthesis enables sequential assembly of chemically distinct 2D polymers to be stacked with defined lattice registry, while introducing a new lattice-control knob through programmable lattice matching and mismatching from 0% to 18%. Lattice-matched 2D vdW heterostructures exhibit commensurate epitaxy and chemically sharp interfaces, whereas large lattice mismatch gives rise to moiré features and strain-relief distortions. The precisely defined interfaces further enable designed interfacial electronic coupling, band alignment and dipole formation, together with record vertical current rectification controlled by lattice registry, reaching rectification ratios above 107.
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